(6) Atoms of two elements may combine in different proportions to form more than one compound. Similarly, calcium combines with chlorine to form CaCl 2 in a fixed ratio 1:2. For example, sodium combines with chlorine to form sodium chloride (NaCl) in a fixed whole number ratio 1:1. (5) Chemical compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combine with each other in a fixed whole number ratios such as 1:1, 1:2, 2:3, and so on. (4) Atoms can neither be created nor destroyed or transformed into atoms of other elements in the chemical reactions. For example, all atoms of Cu are different from atoms of Zn in every respect of their mass, shape, size, and chemical properties. (3) Atoms of different elements are different in mass, size, and chemical properties. Similarly, all atoms of Zn are identical in all respects, such as mass, shape, size, and chemical properties. For example, all atoms of Cu are identical in all respects, such as mass, shape, size, and chemical properties. They have the same mass, shape, size, and chemical properties. (2) All atoms of an element are identical to each other. An atom is the smallest particle of an element that takes part in a chemical reaction. (1) All the matter consists of very small (or tiny) particles called atoms, which are indivisible. The main postulates (or assumptions) of Dalton’s atomic theory of matter are as follows: This atomic theory is mainly based on the laws of chemical combination. This theory is also known as Dalton’s atomic theory of matter. In 1808, An English scientist John Dalton proposed the first scientific theory of matter.
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